Likharetene tse Lahloang tse Sireletsang Tikoloho: Khetho e Tšoarellang bakeng sa Litsi tsa Tlhokomelo ea Bophelo

E bolokehile ho lahloa likharetene tsa sepetlele li ntlafatsa taolo ea tšoaetso haholo litsing tsa tlhokomelo ea bophelo. Li fokotsa kotsi ea ho bokellana ha libaktheria ka ho li nkela sebaka khafetsa. Ho fapana le tsa setsolikharetene tsa likhuble, e ka bang le likokoana-hloko tse bakoang ke ho hlatsuoa ha liaparo khafetsa, likhetho tse lahloang hangata li na le litlolo tse thibelang likokoana-hloko. Khetho ena e tsitsitseng ha e khothalletse bohloeki feela empa hape e fokotsa tšusumetso ea tikoloho, e leng se etsang hore e be tharollo e loketseng bakeng sa likharetene tsa opereishenele sepetlele Likharetene tsa LekunutuHo phaella moo, tshebediso yalesira la karohano ea sepetlele e ka ntlafatsa boinotši le boiketlo ba mokuli libakeng tse arolelanoang.

Lintlha tsa Bohlokoa

• Masela a lahloang a sireletsang tikoloho a ntlafatsa taolo ea tšoaetso ka ho fokotsa ho bokellana ha libaktheria, e leng se khothalletsang tikoloho e sireletsehileng bakeng sa bakuli.
• Likharetene tsena li boloka nako le boiteko bakeng sa basebetsi ba tlhokomelo ea bophelo, li lumella liphetoho tse potlakileng tse fokotsang likotsi tsa tšilafalo.
• Ho sebelisa thepa e tšoarellang likhareteneng tse lahloang li tšehetsa lipheo tsa tikoloho, e leng se etsang hore e be khetho e nang le boikarabelo bakeng sa lits'ebeletso tsa tlhokomelo ea bophelo.

Bohlokoa ba Taolo ea Tšoaetso

Taolo ea tšoaetso e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho bolokeng polokeho ea mokuli le boleng ba tlhokomelo ea bophelo ka kakaretso. Litšoaetso tse amanang le tlhokomelo ea bophelo (HAIs) li baka likotsi tse kholo ho bakuli, tse lebisang ho luleng sepetlele nako e telele, litšenyehelo tse eketsehileng tsa tlhokomelo ea bophelo, esita le lefu. Likharetene tse lahloang tse bolokang tikoloho li kenya letsoho ho boiteko ba ho laola tšoaetso ka ho fokotsa kotsi ea phetiso ea kokoana-hloko libakeng tsa tlhokomelo ea bophelo.

Karolo ea ho Thibela Litšoaetso tse Amanang le Tlhokomelo ea Bophelo

Hangata litsi tsa tlhokomelo ea bophelo li kopana le mehloli e fapaneng ea HAI. Lisosa tse tloaelehileng li kenyelletsa:

• Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) e hananang le Methicillin
• Clostridium difficile (C. difficile)
• Tšoaetso ea moroto (UTI)
• Tšoaetso sebakeng sa opereishene
• Bohloeki bo bobe ba matsoho
• Lisebelisoa tsa bongaka tse silafetseng

Tšebeliso ea likharetene tsa sepetlele tse lahloang e fokotsa haholo monyetla oa tšoaetso ena. Likretene tse loantšang likokoana-hloko, tse phekoloang ka lintho tse kang li-nanoparticles tsa silevera, li thibela kholo ea likokoana-hloko holim'a libaka ka katleho. Lithuto li bontša hore likharetene tsena li fokotsa palo ea libaktheria kamora ho kenngoa tlhokomelong e potlakileng le liyuniti tsa masea a bo-mme. Li boetse li eketsa nako ea ho kena tšilafalong ea pele ha li bapisoa le likharetene tse tloaelehileng, e leng se fanang ka tharollo e sebetsang bakeng sa ho ntlafatsa taolo ea tšoaetso.

Ho latela Melao ea Bophelo bo Botle

Ho latela melao ea bophelo bo botle ho bohlokoa bakeng sa lits'ebeletso tsa tlhokomelo ea bophelo. Mekhatlo e kang Litsi tsa Taolo le Thibelo ea Mafu (CDC) le Mokhatlo oa Lefatše oa Bophelo (WHO) e khothaletsa tšebeliso ea likharetene tse lahloang ho fokotsa likotsi tsa tšilafalo e tšelang. Likretene tsena li sebetsa e le mokhoa o mong o sebetsang ho fapana le mekhoa ea setso, e hlokang ho hlatsuoa khafetsa.

Ho kenngwa tshebetsong ha masela a lahloang ho tsamaisana le mekgwa ya taolo ya tshwaetso e totobatsang tlhoko ya ho hlwekisa dibaka tsa sepetlele kamehla, ho kenyeletswa le masela. Dipetlele tse amohelang ditharollo tsena tse sireletsang tikoloho di tlaleha sekgahla se tlase sa tshwaetso. Mohlala, palo e tloaelehileng ya dibaktheria masela a lahloang e dula e le ka tlase ho 1 CFU, e leng se tlase haholo ho feta masela a lesela. Phokotso ena ya boteng ba dibaktheria e thusa ho thibela ho ata ha dikokwana-hloko tse kang MRSA le Enterococcus (VRE) e hanyetsanang le vancomycin, qetellong e ntlafatsa polokeho ya bakudi.

Likarolo le Melemo ea Likharetene tse Lahloang

Bonolo le Bonolo ba Tšebeliso

Likharetene tse lahloang tse amohelang tikoloho lia fanoa melemo e meholo boiketlong le bonolo ba ho e sebelisa bakeng sa basebetsi ba tlhokomelo ea bophelo. Moralo oa tsona o netefatsa hore li ka sebelisoa kapele le ka bokgabane, o fokotsa nako e sebelisoang ho fetola likharetene. Mohlala, basebetsi ba ka fetola likharetene tse lahloang ka metsotsoana e 30 kapa ka tlase ho moo, e leng phapang e kholo le lits'ebetso tse telele tse amanang le likharetene tsa setso. Phetoho ena e potlakileng ha e ntlafatse feela mokhoa oa ts'ebetso empa hape e fokotsa kotsi ea tšilafalo nakong ea ho sebetsana le tsona.

Tafole e latelang e totobatsa likarolo tsa bohlokoa tse etsang hore likharetene tse lahloang li be bonolo ha li bapisoa le likhetho tse ka sebelisoang hape:

Ka ho felisa tlhoko ea ho hlatsoa liaparo le ho li hlokomela, likharetene tse lahloang li ntlafatsa katleho e akaretsang libakeng tsa tlhokomelo ea bophelo. Li lumella basebetsi ho tsepamisa maikutlo tlhokomelong ea bakuli ho e-na le mesebetsing ea ho hloekisa e jang nako.

Katleho ea Litšenyehelo Libakeng tsa Tlhokomelo ea Bophelo

Leha likharetene tse lahloang tse sireletsang tikoloho li ka bonahala li le theko e boima haholo ha u li sheba ka lekhetlo la pele, li ka lebisa ho poloko ea litšenyehelo tsa nako e telele litsing tsa tlhokomelo ea bophelo. Litšenyehelo tse tloaelehileng tsa potoloho ea bophelo ba likharetene tse ka sebelisoang hape li ka ba holimo haholo ka lebaka la litšenyehelo tsa ho hlatsoa liaparo le tlhokomelo. Mohlala, likharetene tse ka sebelisoang hape hangata li hloka ho nkeloa sebaka likhoeling tse ling le tse ling tse tšeletseng, e leng se lebisang litšenyehelong tsohle tsa potoloho ea bophelo ba hoo e ka bang $115,750 lilemong tse supileng. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, likharetene tse lahloang, tse nkeloang sebaka khoeli le khoeli, li jara litšenyehelo tsohle tsa potoloho ea bophelo ba hoo e ka bang $224,000 nakong e tšoanang.

Ho sa tsotellehe litšenyehelo tse phahameng tsa pele, likharetene tse lahloang li ka fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa ho hlatsoa liaparo, tsa fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa basebetsi tse amanang le ho hloekisa, le ho fokotsa tšebeliso ea metsi. Ho feta moo, ho sebelisa thepa e bolang ho tsamaisana le lipheo tsa botsitso, e leng se etsang hore e be khetho e nang le boikarabelo bakeng sa lits'ebeletso tsa tlhokomelo ea bophelo tse hlokomelang tikoloho.

Likarolo tse Sireletsang Tikoloho

Mekhoa ea Thepa le Tlhahiso

Likharetene tse lahloang tse sireletsang tikoloho li sebelisa thepa e tšoarellang e fokotsang tšusumetso ea tikoloho haholo. Lisebelisoa tse sebelisoang hangata li kenyelletsa:

• Mefuta ea lesira le bolang
• Mefuta ea likharetene tse ka sebelisoang hape

Lisebelisoa tsena li bola ka tlhaho, li fokotsa kotsi ea nako e telele tikolohong. Mekhoa ea tlhahiso ea likharetene tsena le eona e beha pele botsitso. Tafole e latelang e hlalosa mekhoa ea bohlokoa ea tlhahiso e bolokang tikoloho:

Tšusumetso Phokotsong ea Litšila

Ho kenngwa tshebetsong ha masela a lahloang a sireletsang tikoloho ho thusa haholo phokotsong ya matlakala ditsing tsa tlhokomelo ya bophelo. Mananeo a sebetsang hantle a ho sebedisa hape le ho etsa manyolo a bapala karolo ya bohlokwa boitekong bona. Dikarolo tsa bohlokwa tsa mananeo ana di kenyeletsa:

• Thuto le koetliso: Thuto ea basebetsi mabapi le ho lahla le ho sebelisa hape lintho ka nepo ke ea bohlokoa bakeng sa taolo e sebetsang ea litšila.
• Tšebelisano-'moho le libaka tsa ho sebelisa lintho hape: Ho sebelisana 'moho le litsi tsa ho sebelisa lintho hape tsa lehae ho netefatsa hore thepa e sebelisoa hantle.
• Mekhoa e tsitsitseng: Ho kenya tšebetsong mananeo a botsitso ho thusa ho fokotsa litšila ka kakaretso le ho khothaletsa boiteko ba ho sebelisa lintho hape.

Ka ho amohela mekhoa ena, libaka tsa tlhokomelo ea bophelo li ka lumellana le lipheo tsa botsitso ba lefats'e ha li ntse li ntlafatsa bokhoni ba tsona ba ts'ebetso. Phetoho e lebisang ho lisebelisoa le lits'ebetso tse sireletsang tikoloho e bonts'a temoho e ntseng e hola ea tlhoko ea lihlahisoa tse ikarabellang tikolohong lefapheng la tlhokomelo ea bophelo.

Papiso le Makharetene a Sepetlele a Tloaelehileng

Phapang pakeng tsa bohloeki le tlhokomelo

Mekhoa ea bohloeki e fapana haholo pakeng tsa likharetene tsa sepetlele tse lahloang le tsa setso. Likharetene tse lahloang li ka nkeloa sebaka ka linako tse behiloeng kapa ha li bonahala li le litšila, ho fokotsa likotsi tsa tšilafalo. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, likharetene tsa setso li hloka ho hlatsuoa khafetsa, e leng se ka lebisang ho bolokeng thepa ea ho bolaea likokoana-hloko kamora ho hlatsuoa hangata. Koetliso ea basebetsi mabapi le ho sebetsana hantle le mekhoa ea bohloeki ke ea bohlokoa bakeng sa mefuta ena ka bobeli.

Tafole e latelang e akaretsa liphapang tsa bohlokoa bohloeking le tlhokomelong:

Libakeng tsa tlhokomelo ea bohlokoa, likharetene tse lahloang li kanna tsa se be theko e tlase ka lebaka la liphetoho tse etsahalang khafetsa. Leha ho le joalo, bokhoni ba tsona ba ho fokotsa kotsi ea tšilafalo e ba etsa khetho e ratoang libakeng tse ngata tsa tlhokomelo ea bophelo.

Tlhahlobo ea Tšusumetso ea Tikoloho

Tšusumetso ea tikoloho ea likharetene tse lahloang e hlahisa lintlha tsa bohlokoa. Lipatlisiso li bontša hore leha likharetene tse lahloang li hloka liphetoho khafetsa, li ka lebisa tšenyo e phahameng le litšenyehelo tse phahameng qetellong. Likretene tsa setso, leha li ka sebelisoa hape, hangata li kenya letsoho tšebelisong e kholo ea metsi le matla nakong ea ho hlatsoa liaparo.

Meralo e tsitsitseng, joalo ka di-screen tsa lekunutu tsa Silentia, e beha bohloeki le ho tšoarella pele, e nkang nako e fetang dilemo tse leshome. Nako ena e telele e fokotsa tshusumetso ya tikoloho haholo ha e bapiswa le masela a setso, a ka hlokang ho nkelwa sebaka kgafetsa.

Qetellong, litsi tsa tlhokomelo ea bophelo li tlameha ho lekanya melemo ea taolo ea tšoaetso khahlanong le litlamorao tsa tikoloho tsa likhetho tsa tsona tsa likharetene.

Masela a lahloang a sireletsang tikoloho ke khetho e sebetsang bakeng sa lits'ebeletso tsa tlhokomelo ea bophelo. A ntlafatsa taolo ea tšoaetso ka ho fokotsa kotsi ea tšilafalo e fapaneng haholo. Melemo ea bohlokoa e kenyelletsa:

1. Bonolo le Bohloeki: Moralo oa tsona oa tšebeliso e le 'ngoe o felisa litlhoko tsa ho hlatsoa liaparo, o netefatsa tikoloho e hloekileng e lulang e le teng.
2. Ho Sebetsa ka Botlalo Litšenyehelo: Le hoja litšenyehelo tsa pele li ka ba holimo, li lebisa polokong ea nako e telele ka ho tlosa litšenyehelo tse tsoelang pele tsa tlhokomelo.
3. Boikarabello ba Tikoloho: Dikgetho tse ngata di sebedisa thepa e tshwarellang, e tsamaellanang le merero e sireletsang tikoloho.

Ho amohela likharetene tsena ho ka ntlafatsa liphello tsa bakuli le ho khothaletsa boitlamo ba ho boloka tlhokomelo ea bophelo bo botle. 🌱

LBH

Masela a lahloang a sireletsang tikoloho a entsoe ka eng?

Likharetene tse lahloang tse amohelang tikoloho hangata li sebelisa thepa e bolang kapa e ka sebelisoang hape, e leng se fokotsang tšusumetso ea tikoloho ha ka nako e ts'oanang li netefatsa bohloeki le polokeho libakeng tsa tlhokomelo ea bophelo.

Likharetene tse lahloang li lokela ho nkeloa sebaka hangata hakae?

Hangata litsi tsa tlhokomelo ea bophelo li nkela likharetene tse lahloang sebaka khoeli le khoeli kapa ha li bonahala li le litšila ho boloka maemo a matle a bohloeki le taolo ea tšoaetso.

Na likharetene tse lahloang li theko e tlaase bakeng sa lipetlele?

Leha litšenyehelo tsa pele li ka ba holimo, likharetene tse lahloang li ka lebisa polokong ea nako e telele ka ho felisa litšenyehelo tsa ho hlatsoa liaparo le tlhokomelo tse amanang le likharetene tsa setso.