Romela Imeile
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Ho latela Maemo a Bohloeki ba Tlhokomelo ea Bophelo bo Botle ho Sebelisa Likharetene tsa Lipetlele tse Lahloang
Masela a lekunutu a sepetlele a lahloang a thusa haholo ho boloka maemo a bohloeki libakeng tsa tlhokomelo ea bophelo. A fokotsa kotsi ea tšoaetso ka katleho, 'me bohloeki bo bobe ba matsoho bo etsa 40% ea tšoaetso lipetleleng. Ho utloisisa melemo ea lipetlele tsena Likharetene tsa Cubicle lelikarohano tsa masela a bongaka ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ho netefatsa polokeho ea mokuli. Ho feta moo, tšebeliso ea likharetene tsa karohano ea sepetlele libakeng tse fapaneng, ho kenyeletsoa le litleliniki tsa bongaka, e ntlafatsa boinotši le boiketlo bakeng sa bakuli.
Lintlha tsa Bohlokoa
- Likharetene tsa sepetlele tse lahloang ho fokotsa kotsi ea phetiso ea tšoaetso haholo, ho ntlafatsa polokeho ea bakuli libakeng tsa tlhokomelo ea bophelo.
- Phetolo e tloaelehileng ea Lesira le lahloangs ke ea bohlokoa; li lokela ho fetoloa likhoeli tse ling le tse ling tse 3-6 kapa ha li bonahala li le litšila ho thibela tšilafalo e fapaneng.
- Ho kenya tshebetsong Mekhoa e nepahetseng ea ho kenya le ho lahla bakeng sa likharetene tse lahloang li thusa ho boloka maemo a bohloeki le ho sireletsa boinotši ba mokuli.
Bohlokoa ba Bohloeki Tlhokomelong ea Bophelo
Tšusumetso Polokehong ea Mokuli
Bohloeki bo bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho netefatseng polokeho ea mokuli libakeng tsa tlhokomelo ea bophelo. Mekhoa e mebe ea bohloeki e ka lebisa phetisong ea tšoaetso, e leng se amang haholo sekhahla sa ho hlaphoheloa. Lipalopalo li senola hore tšoaetso e amanang le tlhokomelo ea bophelo (HAIs) e baka phephetso e kholo, ka 5% ho isa ho 10% ea bakuli ba sepetlele linaheng tse tsoetseng pele ba fumanang bonyane HCAI e le 'ngoe. Linaheng tse tsoelang pele, palo ena e ka feta 10%.
Mekhoa e ntlafetseng ea bohloeki e ka lebisa phokotsong e makatsang ea sekhahla sa tšoaetso. Mohlala, ho kenya tšebetsong mekhoa e thata ea bohloeki ba matsoho ho ka fokotsa tšoaetso e fumanoang sepetlele ka ho fihla ho 40%. Ho feta moo, tšebeliso ea likharetene tsa lekunutu la sepetlele e ka thusa ho boloka tikoloho e hloekile, ea fokotsa kotsi ea hore likokoana-hloko li hasane ka phetiso ea ho kopana.
Mehato ea Taolo ea Tšoaetso
Mehato e sebetsang ea taolo ea tšoaetso ea bohlokoa bakeng sa ho sireletsa bophelo bo botle ba mokuli. Mokhatlo oa Lefatše oa Bophelo (WHO) o khothaletsa maano a 'maloa a ho fokotsa likotsi tsa tšoaetso, ho kenyeletsoa:
- Bohloeki ba matsoho
- Lisebelisoa tsa tšireletso ea botho (PPE)
- Ho hlwekisa tikoloho
- Tlhokomelo
- Tlhahlobo le ho arola bakuli ba nang le likokoana-hloko tse hanyetsanang le meriana e mengata (MDRO)
- Thuto le koetliso bakeng sa basebetsi ba tlhokomelo ea bophelo bo botle
- Ho bolaea likokoana-hloko le ho bolaea likokoana-hloko lisebelisoa tsa bongaka
- Tlhokomelo le tlaleho ea mafu a tšoaetsanoang
Mehato ena e sebetsana le mehlodi e atileng haholo ea phetiso ea tšoaetso, e kenyeletsang:
| Mohloli oa Phetiso | Tlhaloso |
|---|---|
| Phetiso ea ho ikopanya | Likokoana-hloko li ata ka ho kopana ka ho toba kapa ka tsela e sa tobang le batho ba tšoaelitsoeng kapa libaka tse silafetseng. |
| Phetiso ea Lerotholi | Likokoana-hloko li ata ka marotholi a phefumoloho a bakoang ke ho khohlela kapa ho thimola. |
| Phetisetso e tsamaisoang ke moea | Likokoana-hloko tse tsamaisoang ke lerōle kapa marotholi a leketlileng moeeng. |
Ka ho latela mehato ena ea taolo ea tšoaetso, litsi tsa tlhokomelo ea bophelo li ka ntlafatsa polokeho ea mokuli le ho fokotsa ho ata ha ditshwaetso. Ho kopanngwa ha masela a sepetlele a lahlwang ho tshehetsa boiteko bona ka ho fana ka mokoallo o thusang ho thibela tshwaetso e fapaneng dibakeng tsa bakudi.
Melemo ea ho Sebelisa Likharetene tsa Sepetlele tse Lahloang
Kotsi e Fokolitsoeng ea Tšilafalo e Tšelanang
Likharetene tsa sepetlele tse lahloang li fokotsa kotsi ea tšilafalo e fapaneng libakeng tsa tlhokomelo ea bophelo. Ho fapana le likharetene tse ka sebelisoang hape, tse hlokang mekhoa e tiileng ea ho hloekisa, likharetene tse lahloang li sebelisoa hanngoe feela. Tšobotsi ena e netefatsa hore mokuli e mong le e mong o fumana mokoallo o hloekileng, e leng se fokotsang monyetla oa phetiso ea tšoaetso.
Litsi tsa tlhokomelo ea bophelo li tlameha ho nkela likharetene tse lahloang sebaka bonyane hanngoe ka khoeli kapa neng kapa neng ha li bonahala li silafetse. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, likharetene tse ka sebelisoang hape hangata li hloekisoa likhoeli tse ling le tse ling tse tšeletseng kapa ha li bontša matšoao a litšila. Phapang ena ea makhetlo a tlhokomelo e totobatsa melemo ea likhetho tse lahloang taolong ea tšoaetso.
| Tšobotsi | Likharetene tse lahloang | Likharetene tse ka sebelisoang hape |
|---|---|---|
| Taolo ea Tšoaetso | E hloka liphetoho khafetsa ho fokotsa likotsi | E hloka mekhoa e tiileng ea ho hloekisa |
| Litšenyehelo | Litšenyehelo tse tlase tsa pele empa litšenyehelo tse phahameng tsa nako e telele | E bolokang tjhelete haholoanyane ha nako e ntse e ya |
| Tšusumetso ea Tikoloho | Litšila tse ngata ka lebaka la ho lahla lintho tse ngata | E mosa haholoanyane tikolohong |
Tharollo ea bohloeki e fanoang ke likharetene tse lahloang e ntlafatsa polokeho ea mokuli. Li etsa mokoallo o fokotsang monyetla oa hore likokoana-hloko li hasane ka ho kopana. Mokhoa ona oa ho laola tšoaetso o bohlokoa ho bolokeng tikoloho e sireletsehileng bakeng sa bakuli le basebetsi ba tlhokomelo ea bophelo ka ho tšoana.
Ho Sebetsa ka Botlalo le ho ba Bonolo
Leha likharetene tsa sepetlele tse lahloang li ka bonahala li le theko e boima haholo ha li shebelloa ka lekhetlo la pele, li fana ka phokotso e kholo ea litšenyehelo ha nako e ntse e ya. Karolelano ya ditjeo tsa ho hlatswa masela a ka sebediswang hape ke hoo e ka bang $8.00 ka phanele, ha masela a lahlwang a bitsa hoo e ka bang $24.00 ka phanele. Leha ho le jwalo, ha ho nahannwa ka ditjeo tsohle tsa potoloho ya bophelo, masela a ka sebediswang hape a ka lebisa polokong e kgolo.
- Kakaretso ea litšenyehelo tsa bophelo bohle bakeng sa likharetene tsa masela tsa Shield® ho feta lilemo tse 7: $115,750
- Kakaretso ea litšenyehelo tsa bophelo ba likharetene tsa Inpro tse lahloang ka nako e fetang lilemo tse 7: $224,000
Lintlha tsena li bontša hore likharetene tse ka sebelisoang hape li ka ba le litšenyehelo tse tlase ha nako e ntse e ea, ho sa tsotellehe litšenyehelo tsa tsona tsa pele tse holimo. Ho feta moo, likharetene tse lahloang li felisa litšenyehelo tse tsoelang pele tse amanang le ho hlatsoa liaparo le tlhokomelo, e leng se lumellang libaka tsa tlhokomelo ea bophelo ho aba mehloli ka boqhetseke haholoanyane.
Ho phaella moo, likharetene tse lahloang li ntlafatsa katleho ea ts'ebetso. Ha li hloke ho hloekisoa khafetsa, e leng se bolokang nako ea bohlokoa bakeng sa basebetsi ba tlhokomelo ea bophelo. Karolo ena e bolokang nako e lumella basebetsi ho tsepamisa maikutlo tlhokomelong ea bakuli ho e-na le ho laola kemiso ea ho hlatsoa liaparo.
| Bopaki bo Tšehetsang Bokgoni ba Ts'ebetso | Tlhaloso |
|---|---|
| Tharollo ea Bohloeki | Likharetene tse lahloang li sebelisoa hanngoe feela, li fokotsa kotsi ea tšilafalo e fapaneng le ho netefatsa tikoloho e hloekileng bakeng sa mokuli e mong le e mong. |
| Nako e Fokolitsoeng ea ho Hloekisa | Ho fapana le likharetene tsa setso, likharetene tse lahloang ha li hloke ho hloekisoa khafetsa, e leng se bolokang nako bakeng sa basebetsi ba tlhokomelo ea bophelo. |
| Ho Sebetsa ka Botlalo Litšenyehelo | Leha di ka bonahala di bitsa tjhelete e ngata qalong, dikgaretene tse lahlwang di fedisa ditjeo tse tswelang pele tse amanang le ho hlatswa le ho hlokomela dikgaretene tsa masela. |
Tataiso ea Tšebeliso le Bohloeki
Ho kenya le ho lahla hantle
Ho kenya likharetene tsa sepetlele tse lahloang ka nepo ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ho boloka maemo a bohloekiLitsi tsa tlhokomelo ea bophelo li lokela ho netefatsa hore likharetene li leketlile ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng le ho koahela libaka tsa bakuli ka ho lekaneng. Sena se thibela likheo life kapa life tse ka pepesetsang bakuli litšila tse ka bang teng.
Ha ho tluoa tabeng ea ho lahla lintho, libaka li tlameha ho latela melaoana e tiileng. Likharetene tse sebelisitsoeng li lokela ho beoa ka har'a lijana tse khethiloeng tsa litšila tse kotsi ho thibela tšilafalo e tšelang. Basebetsi ba lokela ho roala liatlana nakong ea ts'ebetso ea ho tlosa lintho ho fokotsa ho pepesehela likokoana-hloko.
Keletso: Ho kenya tshebetsong maano a ho sebedisa dintho hape ho ka thusa ho leka-lekanya bokgoni ba bongaka le boikarabelo ba tikoloho. Ho hlahloba thepa e bolang bakeng sa dikharetene ho ka boela ha rarolla matshwenyeho mabapi le tshusumetso ya tsona tikolohong.
Khafetsa ea ho Nkela Sebaka
Khafetsa ea ho nkela likharetene tsa sepetlele tse lahloang sebaka ke ea bohlokoa bakeng sa taolo ea tšoaetso. Ho ea ka litataiso, likharetene li lokela ho nkeloa sebaka likhoeling tse ling le tse ling tse 3-6. Ka kakaretso likamoreng tsa bakuli, nako ea likhoeli tse tšeletseng ea amoheleha. Leha ho le joalo, libakeng tse kotsing e kholo joalo ka li-unit tsa mafu a tšoaetsanoang, likharetene li lokela ho nkeloa sebaka khoeli le khoeli.
Ho hloleha ho latela kemiso ena ea ho nkela sebaka ho ka lebisa hore libaktheria tse kotsi li atlehe likhareteneng. Lithuto li bontša hore esita le likharetene tse bonahalang li hloekile li ka ba le libaktheria tse hanyetsanang le meriana tse kang MRSA. CDC e khothaletsa ho fetola likharetene bonyane hanngoe ka khoeli kapa ha li bonahala li silafetse kapa li senyehile. Ho li nkela sebaka khafetsa ho bohlokoa ho thibela ho ata ha tšoaetso e amanang le tlhokomelo ea bophelo.
| Sebaka sa Ts'ebeliso | Maqhubu a Khothaletsoang a Phetolo |
|---|---|
| Likamore tsa Bakuli ba Kakaretso | Likhoeli tse ling le tse ling tse 6 |
| Liyuniti tsa Mafu a Tšoaetsanoang | Khoeli le khoeli |
| Liyuniti tsa Tlhokomelo e Matla | Khoeli le khoeli |
Ka ho latela litataiso tsena, libaka tsa tlhokomelo ea bophelo li ka ntlafatsa polokeho ea mokuli le ho boloka ho latela litekanyetso tsa bohloeki.
Ho latela Maemo a Bohloeki
Litlhoko tsa Molao
Litsi tsa tlhokomelo ea bophelo li tlameha ho latela litlhoko tse thata tsa taolo ho boloka maemo a bohloeki. Melao ena e netefatsa polokeho ea mokuli le ho fokotsa kotsi ea tšoaetso e amanang le tlhokomelo ea bophelo. Lintlha tsa bohlokoa tsa ho latela melao li kenyelletsa:
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Ho Latela Bohloeki ba Matsoho: Bohloeki bo sebetsang ba matsoho bo bohlokoa bakeng sa ho thibela phetiso ea tšoaetso. Basebetsi ba tlhokomelo ea bophelo ba tlameha ho sebelisa sesepa, metsi, kapa li-disinfectant linakong tse mahlonoko, joalo ka pele le ka mor'a ho kopana le mokuli. Ho beha leihlo ho latela melao ka ho shebella ka ho toba le ho latela tšebeliso ea lihlahisoa tsa bohloeki ho bohlokoa. Mekhatlo e kang CDC le WHO e hatisa bohlokoa ba ho beha leihlo le ho kenya tšebetsong merero ea bohloeki ba matsoho ka linako tsohle.
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Maemo a Thepa: United States, likharetene tsa sepetlele tse lahloang li tlameha ho ba tse se nang mohele kapa li be le likhoele tse fokolang ho fokotsa likotsi tsa tšilafalo. Europe, likharetene tsena li tlameha ho fihlela litekanyetso tse itseng tsa thepa ho netefatsa polokeho le bohloeki.
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Khanyetso ea Mollo: Ho latela maemo a NFPA 701 bakeng sa ho tuka ke tlamo United States. Melao ea Europe e hloka hore ho khomareloe maemo a polokeho ea mollo sebakeng seo.
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Bohloeki le Lekunutu: Kemiso ea kamehla ea ho hloekisa ea hlokahala ho boloka bohloeki. Likharetene li tlameha ho fana ka bolelele le bophara bo lekaneng ho netefatsa boinotši ba mokuli, ho sireletsa tlhahisoleseling ea bohlokoa.
Ho hloleha ho latela melao ena ho ka lebisa liphellong tse mpe. Ho se latele melao ho ka fella ka liphello tsa molao, ho kenyeletsoa le likotlo le liqoso. Libaka li kotsing ea ho lahleheloa ke tumello, e leng se ka senyang botumo ba tsona haholo. Ho phaella moo, pono ea sechaba ka mekhoa ea bohloeki e ka ama ho bolokoa ha bakuli le ho ba tšepa.
Mekhoa e Molemohali bakeng sa Litsi tsa Tlhokomelo ea Bophelo
Ho kenya tshebetsong mekgwa e metle ya ho boloka bohloeki ka dikereite tsa sepetlele tse lahlwang ho bohlokwa bakeng sa taolo ya tshwaetso. Ditsi tsa tlhokomelo ya bophelo di lokela ho nahana ka maano a latelang:
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Phetolo e Tloaelehileng: Ho fetola likharetene tse lahloang kapele ho thusa ho boloka bohloeki. Libaka li lokela ho theha mokhoa o lumellanang le mekhoa ea taolo ea tšoaetso.
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Mekhoa ea ho bolaea likokoana-hloko: Ho sebelisa mouoane oa mouoane bakeng sa ho bolaea likokoana-hloko ho ka ba molemo, esita le ha bakuli ba le teng. Ho kenya tšebetsong theknoloji ea mabone a UV ho ka boela ha ntlafatsa ho hloekisoa ha libaka le lintho.
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Li-Disinfectant tse Tsoetseng Pele tsa Lik'hemik'hale: Ho sebelisa li-disinfectant tse shebaneng le libaktheria ka katleho ho bohlokoa. Libaka li lokela ho netefatsa hore basebetsi ba koetlisetsoa tšebeliso e nepahetseng.
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Mananeo a Koetliso ea Basebetsi: Ho ruta basebetsi ba sepetlele ka tšebeliso e nepahetseng le ho lahla likharetene tse lahloang ke habohlokoa bakeng sa ho boloka maemo a taolo ea tšoaetso. Mananeo a koetliso a lokela ho akaretsa mekhoa ea ho hloekisa le ho khothaletsa tšebelisano-'moho lipakeng tsa basebetsi ba tlhokomelo ea bophelo le lihlopha tsa tlhokomelo ea matlo.
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Tlhokomelo le Tlhahlobo: Ho hlahloba mekhoa ea bohloeki khafetsa le ho latela melaoana ho ka thusa ho khetholla libaka tse lokelang ho ntlafatsoa. Litsi li lokela ho khothalletsa setso sa boikarabello har'a basebetsi ho netefatsa hore ba latela litekanyetso tsa bohloeki.
Ka ho latela mekhoa ena e metle, libaka tsa tlhokomelo ea bophelo li ka ntlafatsa polokeho ea bakuli le ho boloka ho latela litekanyetso tsa bohloeki. Ho kopanngoa ha masela a lekunutu a sepetlele libakeng tsa tlhokomelo ea bakuli ha ho fane feela ka boiketlo empa hape ho sebetsa e le tšitiso ea bohlokoa khahlanong le phetiso ea tšoaetso.
Likharetene tsa Lekunutu la Sepetlele le Taolo ea Tšoaetso
Ho Leka-lekanya Lekunutu le Bohloeki
Masela a lekunutu a sepetlele a na le morero o habeli libakeng tsa tlhokomelo ea bophelo. A fana ka lekunutu la bohlokoa bakeng sa bakuli ha ka nako e ts'oanang a bapala karolo ea bohlokoa taolong ea tšoaetso. Leha ho le joalo, lithuto li bontša hore masela ana a ka ba le likokoana-hloko kamora beke e le 'ngoe feela ea ts'ebeliso. Mohlala, phuputso ea Cleveland Clinic e fumane hore ho feta 42% ea masela a sepetlele a ne a silafalitsoe ke likokoana-hloko tse tšoaetsanoang. Sena se totobatsa tlhoko ea ho hloekisa le ho hlokomela khafetsa ho netefatsa hore masela a lekunutu a kenya letsoho ka katleho taolong ea tšoaetso.
Batsamaisi ba tlhokomelo ea bophelo bo botle ba tlameha ho nahana ka lintlha tse 'maloa ha ba khetha likharetene tsa lekunutu la sepetlele. Tsena li kenyelletsa ho tšoarella, bonolo ba ho hloekisa, le ho latela maemo a polokeho. Likretene tsa sepetlele tse lahloang, haholo-holo, li fana ka monyetla o moholo. Li thusa ho thibela ho qhoma ha tšoaetso, haholo-holo libakeng tse bonolo joalo ka liphaposi tsa bana. Ho feta moo, phuputso ea 2022 e senotse hore 89% ea bakuli ba nka likharetene tsa lekunutu e le tsa bohlokoa bakeng sa boiketlo le seriti sa bona.
Ho netefatsa polokeho ea mokuli
Ho netefatsa polokeho ea mokuli ho bohlokoa haholo libakeng tsa tlhokomelo ea bophelo. Likharetene tsa sepetlele tse lahloang li ntlafatsa polokeho ka ho fokotsa kotsi ea tšilafalo e tšelang. Hangata li phekoloa ka thepa ea ho loantša likokoana-hloko, e thusang ho fokotsa libaktheria tse kotsi le menko. Ho bonolo ho fetola likharetene tse lahloang ho fokotsa kotsi ea tšilafalo ha ho bapisoa le likhetho tsa masela a setso.
Ho feta moo, lipetlele tse ileng tsa fetohela ho likharetene tse lahloang li tlalehile phokotso ea 30% ea sekhahla sa tšoaetso. Ntlafatso ena ea bohlokoa e totobatsa bohlokoa ba ho kenyelletsa likhetho tse lahloang maanong a taolo ea tšoaetso. Ka ho beha pele boinotši le bohloeki, libaka tsa tlhokomelo ea bophelo li ka theha tikoloho e sireletsehileng le e phutholohileng haholoanyane bakeng sa bakuli.
Likharetene tsa sepetlele tse lahloang li bapala karolo ea bohlokoa thibelong ea tšoaetso. Lipatlisiso li bontša hore 92% ea likharetene li silafala nakong ea beke, e leng se totobatsang tlhoko ea ho nkeloa sebaka khafetsa. Litsi tsa tlhokomelo ea bophelo li lokela ho sebelisa mekhoa e lahloang ho ntlafatsa ho latela melao ea bohloeki. Likharetene tsena ha li fokotse feela tšilafalo e tšelang empa hape li matlafatsa boitlamo ba polokeho ea bakuli ka mekhoa e sebetsang ea taolo ea tšoaetso.
| Thuto | Liphihlelo tsa Bohlokoa |
|---|---|
| Larocque le ba bang (2016) | 50% ea barupeluoa ba ile ba fumana baktheria menoaneng ea bona ka lebaka la ho tšoara likharetene. |
| Ohl le ba bang (2012) | 92% ea likharetene li bontšitse tšilafalo nakong ea beke e le 'ngoe; 21% ka MRSA. |
Ka ho beha likharetene tse lahloang pele, bafani ba tlhokomelo ea bophelo ba ka etsa tikoloho e sireletsehileng bakeng sa bakuli le basebetsi ka ho tšoana.
LBH
Likharetene tsa sepetlele tse lahloang li entsoe ka eng?
Likharetene tsa sepetlele tse lahloang hangata li entsoe ka lesela le sa lohiloeng kapa polyethylene, e etselitsoeng ho sebelisoa hanngoe feela ho ntlafatsa bohloeki le ho thibela tšilafalo e fapaneng.
Likharetene tse lahloang li lokela ho nkeloa sebaka hangata hakae?
Litsi tsa tlhokomelo ea bophelo li lokela ho nkela likharetene tse lahloang sebaka likhoeli tse ling le tse ling tse 3-6 kapa kapele haeba li bonahala li le litšila kapa li senyehile.
Na likharetene tse lahloang li fana ka lekunutu bakeng sa bakuli?
E, likharetene tse lahloang li fana ka boinotši bakeng sa bakuli ha ka nako e ts'oanang li boetse li sebetsa e le thibelo khahlanong le phetiso ea tšoaetso libakeng tsa tlhokomelo ea bophelo.
